Structured Settlement History & Case Examples
Structured settlements grew in popularity in the U.S. after federal legislation in the 1980s encouraged their use to provide extended, tax-free financing for individuals who receive compensation from lawsuits.
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The History of Structured Settlements
Structured settlements were first popularized in Canada during the 1960s as a way of managing payouts from settlements involving thalidomide. German pharmaceutical company Grünenthal manufactured the drug to ease morning sickness for pregnant women, but the sedative caused severe, life-threatening birth defects in thousands of children.
Thalidomide survivors require specialized health care and help with activities of daily living, and it quickly became clear that lump-sum settlements were not ideal for covering the cost of these lifelong needs.
Although structured settlements for thalidomide claimants originated in Canada, similar cases were later filed in the United States, which popularized the use of structured settlements in medical malpractice disputes.
Recognizing that personal injury victims could also benefit from this type of settlement, the federal government passed the Periodic Payment Settlement Act (PPSA) in 1983 to promote the use of structured settlements as a means of providing long-term, tax-free financial security to people seriously injured in accidents and their families.
Today, structured settlements are awarded in a variety of cases, and are common for lawsuits settled out of court. Most claimants get to choose between accepting periodic payments, taking a single lump-sum payout, or some combination of the two.
However, in cases that involve minor children or persons found to be incompetent, courts typically require structured settlements in order to ensure the award money is disbursed and spent appropriately.
Cases Typically Suited for Structured Settlements
Structured settlements can be used to settle any kind of civil lawsuit, but they are more common for particular legal issues.
Case 1
46-year-old woman suffers back and head trauma after an ambulance rear-ends her car.
Personal Injury: This area of law covers much more than just physical accidents. Long-term illnesses and even emotional and reputational harm can lead to a personal injury suit.
- The Legal Principle of Negligence
- The Settlement Process
- Personal Injury Compensation
Case 2
35-year-old store clerk slips and falls on snowy sidewalk outside of major department store.
Workers’ Compensation: State laws require many employers in the United States to carry insurance specifically for work-related injuries or illnesses that employees may suffer.
- What Is Workers’ Compensation?
- Benefits of Structured Settlements for Workers’ Compensation
- Medicare and Workers’ Compensation Structured Settlements
Case 3
Patient was misdiagnosed with a chronic illness and was negligently prescribed medication that caused severe liver damage.
Medical Malpractice: A special type of civil lawsuit may be filed when a medical professional harms a patient through an incorrect diagnosis, a flawed treatment or a failure in follow-up care.
- What Is a Medical Malpractice Structured Settlement?
- Filing a Medical Malpractice Claim
- Receiving a Medical Malpractice Settlement
Case 4
A couple is killed in an accident aboard a train speeding in inclement weather.
Wrongful Death: When someone dies due to another’s negligence, the victim’s surviving loved ones may seek compensation for pain and suffering, funeral expenses and lost household income.
- What Are Wrongful Death Claims?
- Filing a Wrongful Death Claim
- Receiving a Wrongful Death Settlement
